Scientific Research
Clinical research studies have found that bitter orange and
multi-ingredient supplements containing bitter orange produce a
significant increase in the resting metabolic rate and are effective
in inducing weight loss and reducing body fat more than diet and
exercise alone - all without increasing heart rate or blood pressure
or causing other adverse effects.
Below is a compilation of key research studies - most of which have
used Advantra
Z® (*) and or a multi-ingredient supplement containing
Advantra Z (**) - rather than generic bitter orange extracts.
All files are PDF unless otherwise noted.
|
Efficacy
Studies |
| Mar 2008 |
** |
Human Pharmacology of a Performance-Enhancing Dietary Supplement Under Resting and Exercise Conditions - Haller, University of California, San Francisco, BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY †
|
| 2006 |
** |
Metabolic and Physiological Effects of Ingesting Extracts of Bitter Orange, Green Tea and Guarana at Rest and During Treadmill Walking in Overweight Males - Sale, University of Chichester, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY †
|
| Jan 2006 |
* |
The Acute Effects of Citrus aurantium on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate - Seifert, St. Cloud State University †
|
| July 2005 |
* |
Six-year longitudinal study - Gougeon, Nutrition and Food Science Centre, McGill University, OBESITY RESEARCH |
| |
|
|
| 2005 |
** |
Effect
of a Multi-Ingredient Weight-Loss Product on Body Composition in Overweight
Adult Men and Women - Zenk †
|
| May 2004 |
** |
Effect
of Multi-Ingredient Weight-Loss Product on Metabolic Rate and Body Composition - Zenk, JOURNAL NUTRITION †
|
| Aug 2003 |
* |
The Difference Between Citrus aurantium Extract (Advantra Z) and Ephedra Extract - Jones
|
| 2003 |
** |
Efficacy
of a Commercial Green Tea Extract / Caffeine Based Product to Increase Basal Metabolism in Healthy Adults - Kalman
|
| 2003 |
** |
An Acute Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of a Popular Weight Loss Supplement When Used with Exercise - Kalman †
|
2002
|
|
Citrus aurantium as a Thermogenic, Weight-reduction Replacement for Ephedra: An Overview - Preuss, JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
|
Sep 2000
|
** |
Study on the Effectiveness of a Multi-Ingredient Supplement for the Reduction of Body Weight - Kendall-Reed
|
Mar 1999
|
** |
Effects of Citrus aurantium Extract, Caffeine and St. John's Wort on Body Fat Loss, Lipid Levels, and Mood States in Overweight Healthy Adults - Colker, CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH †
|
| |
|
| Mechanism of Action Studies |
| Apr 2007 |
|
Lipolysis Induced by Segment Wall Extract from Citrus Fruit - Tsujita, Integrated Center for Sciences, Ehime University, JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE AND VITAMINOLOGY
|
| Jun 2002 |
* |
Advantra Z: Observation on its Effects and Mechanism
of Action - Jones
|
| Apr 1998 |
|
A Selective Human Beta-3 Adrenergic Receptor Agonist Increases Metabolic Rate in Rhesus Monkeys – Fisher, JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION |
| |
|
|
Safety/Toxicity Studies |
| 2007 |
** |
Citrus aurantium Extract has No Effect on Blood Pressure or Heart Rate in Healthy Adults - Talbott, EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
|
| Apr 2006 |
|
Response of CEDIAs Amphetamines Assay After a Single Dose of Bitter Orange - Nguyen, University of California, San Francisco, DRUG MONIT
|
| Nov 2005 |
* |
Absence of QTc-Interval Prolonging or Hemodynamic Effects of a Single Dose of Bitter-Orange Extract in Healthy Subjects - Min, University of Connecticut, PHARMACOTHERAPY †
|
| Sep 2005 |
* |
Hemodynamic Effects of Ephedra-Free Weight-Loss Supplements in Humans - Haller, University of California, San Francisco, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE †
|
| Sep 2004 |
|
FDA Spins Numbers on Bitter Orange AERs: AHPA Analysis Finds Only 1 Actual Report Associated with Bitter Orange – American Herbal Products Association, AHPA REPORT
|
| Jun 2004 |
|
National Toxicology Study on Bitter Orange - National Institute of Health
|
| 2004 |
|
Pharmokinetics
and Drug Disposition - Gurley, AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS
|
2001
|
|
Seville
(sour) Orange Juice: Synephrine Content and Cardiovascular
Effects in Normotensive Adults - Penzak, JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
|
| Jul 1997 |
* |
An
Acute Oral Toxicity Study in Rats With Advantra Z - Douds |
| |
|
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| |
|
† Double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study |
| |
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